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6 B15584-R0-6/9/07 8:13 AM Page 7 Mild Exposure: Slight headache, nausea, vomiting, fatigue (often described as “flu-like” symptoms). Medium Exposure: Severe throbbing headache, drowsiness, confusion, fast heart rate. Extreme Exposure: Unconsciousness, convulsions, cardiorespiratory failure, death. A high level of CO for a short period (e.g. 350 ppm CO for 30 minutes) will cause the same symptoms, a slight headache, as a lower level for a longer time (e.g. 150 ppm for 90 minutes). Table A shows how exposure to different concentrations of CO generally affects people. Many cases of reported Carbon Monoxide poisoning indicate that while victims are aware they are not well, they become so disorientated they are unable to save themselves by either leaving the building or calling for assistance. Young children and household pets may be the first affected. 7 B15584-R0-6/9/07 8:13 AM Page 8 Table A: Effects of Carbon Poisoning Concentration of CO in Air Inhalation Time (approx) and Symptoms Developed ppm 35 The maximum allowable concentration for continuous exposure in any 8 hour period according to OSHA *. 150 Slight headache after 1.5 hours. 200 Slight headache, fatigue, dizziness, nausea after 2-3 hours. 400 Frontal headaches within 1-2 hours, life threatening after 3 hours, also maximum parts per million in flue gas (on an air free basis) according to US Environmental Protection Agency. 800 Dizziness, nausea and convulsions within 45 minutes. Unconsciousness within 2 hours. Death within 2-3 hours. 1,600 Headache, dizziness and nausea within 20 minutes. Death within 1 hour. 3,200 Headache, dizziness and nausea within 5-10 minutes. Death within 25-30 minutes. 6,400 Headache, dizziness and nausea within 1-2 minutes. Death within 10-15 minutes. 12,800 Death within 1-3 minutes. ppm = parts per million *OSHA Occupational Safety & Health Association 2.3 What happens when your CO Alarm detects Carbon Monoxide ? When the Alarm detects potentally dangerous levels of CO, it flashes the red alarm light and then sounds a loud alarm if the CO persists. 8 B15584-R0-6/9/07 8:13 AM Page 9 Table B shows how the CO Alarm reacts to different levels of CO gas and time. At higher levels of CO the alarm turns on sooner. The rate of flashing of the indicates the level of CO. Table B: CO Alarm Response * unless it has been in alarm (see CO Alarm Memory below) CO Level ppm Horn On within Red Alarm Light 0 ppm 50ppm 100 ppm 300 ppm Off 60 to 90 minutes 10 to 40 minutes 3 minutes Off * 1 Flash / 2 Seconds 4 Flashes / 2 Second 8 Flashes / 2 Second If your CO Alarm sounds follow the instructions on page 4. When ventilation is provided by leaving the window and doors open, the CO build up may have dissipated by the time help arrives and the alarm may have stopped sounding. Although your problem may appear temporarily solved it is crucial that the source of the CO is determined and appropriate repairs made. NEVER IGNORE THE ALARM. Pre-Alarm: When the alarm detects over 50ppm CO the red light flashes every 2 seconds. This helps locate CO leaks, as the unit gives an indication straight away. 9 B15584-R0-6/9/07 8:13 AM Page 10 (Without this feature the CO level would need to be 90 minutes for an indication to be Note the Pre-Alarm signal may be triggered by CO coming for example, from cooking with gas, from car engines or from barbecues. This is usually not a concern unless the Pre-Alarm signal persists until the sounds and the CO source is unknown. NOTE: The CO Alarm may sound if cigarette smoke is blown into it, or aerosols are released nearby. CO ALARM MEMORY - Red light is Off – No CO detected since reset or power up. - Red light flashes 2 times (in 2 seconds) every 40 seconds, 50 ppm CO detected for least about 90 minutes. - Red light flashes 4 times (in 2 seconds) every 40 seconds, 100 ppm CO detected for least about 40 minutes. - Red light flashes 8 times (in 2 seconds) every 40 seconds, 300 ppm CO detected for at least about 3 minutes. When the test button is pressed the horn will sound, and the red light will only flash if the unit has previously detected CO and been in alarm. The flash rate indicates the level of CO detected as in table B. Reset Memory by holding down the test button for over 20 seconds until the red light stops flashing. Cover the horn with a cloth to muffle the alarm during this time. Please note that the memory will also be reset when the unit is unpowered. 10 B15584-R0-6/9/07 8:13 AM Page 11 4. WHERE TO PLACE CO ALARMS 3.1 Ideally a Carbon Monoxide Alarm should be installed in: - Every room containing a fuel burning appliance, and - Remote rooms where occupants amount of time - Every bedroom. However if the number of Carbon Monoxide Alarms is limited the following points should be considered when deciding where s) - If there is an appliance in a room where people place a CO Alarm in this room and - Locate a CO alarm in a room containing a flueless or open-flued appliance, and - Locate an alarm in a room where the o...